Medical Topics Information
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding (DUB) is the most common cause of functional
abnormal uterine bleeding, which is abnormal genital tract bleeding based in the
uterus and found in the absence of demonstrable organic pathology. Diagnosis
must be made by exclusion, since organic pathology must first be ruled out. It
can be classified as ovulatory or anovulatory, depending on whether ovulation is
occurring or not. [Read More About Abnormal Uterine Bleeding]
Achilles tendinitis is tendinitis of the Achilles tendon, generally
precipitated by overuse of the affected limb and is more common among athletes
training under less than ideal conditions. It should not be confused with
xanthoma of the tendon, which is the accumulation of cholesterol in patients
with familial hypercholesterolemia. [Read More About Achilles Tendinitis]
Achondroplasia dwarfism is a type of autosomal dominant genetic disorder that
is a common cause of dwarfism. Achondroplastic dwarfs have short stature, with
an average adult height of 131 cm (4 feet, 3-1/2 inches) for males and 123 cm (4
feet, 1/2 inches) for females.
The prevalence is approximately 1 in 25,000. [Read More About Achondroplasia]
Acne vulgaris (commonly called acne) is a common skin condition, caused by
changes in the pilosebaceous units, skin structures consisting of a hair
follicle and its associated sebaceous gland via androgen stimulation. It is
characterized by noninflammatory follicular papules or comedones and by
inflammatory papules, pustules, and nodules in its more severe forms. Acne
vulgaris affects the areas of skin with the densest population of sebaceous
follicles; these areas include the fac...
[Read More About Acne]
An acoustic neuroma, also called a vestibular schwannoma, is a benign primary
intracranial tumor of the myelin-forming cells of the vestibulocochlear nerve (CN
VIII). (Neuroma is derived from Greek, meaning "nerve tumor".) The term "acoustic"
is a misnomer, as the tumor rarely arises from the acoustic (or cochlear)
division of the vestibulocochlear nerve. The correct medical term is vestibular
schwannoma, because it involves the vestibular portion of the 8th cran...
[Read More About Acoustic Neuroma]
Acrodynia (also known as "Calomel disease," "Erythredemic polyneuropathy,"
and "Pink disease") is a type of mercury poisoning in children characterized by
pain and pink discoloration of the hands and feet. The word is derived from the
Greek, where ακρος means high (as in: upper extremity) and οδυνη means pain. As
such, it might be (erroneously) used to indicate that a patient has pain in the
hands or fee...
[Read More About Acrodynia]
Acromegaly (from Greek akros "extreme" or "extremities" and megalos "large" -
extremities enlargement) is a syndrome that results when the pituitary gland
produces excess growth hormone (hGH) after epiphyseal plate closure. A number of
disorders may affect the pituitary to create this circumstance, although most
commonly it involves a GH producing tumor derived from a distinct type of cells
(somatotrophs) and called pituitary adenoma.
Acromegaly...
[Read More About Acromegaly]
Actinic keratosis (also called solar keratosis, or AK) is a premalignant
condition of thick, scaly, or crusty patches of skin. It is more common in fair-skinned
people. It is associated with those who are frequently exposed to the sun, as it
is usually accompanied by solar damage. Since some of these pre-cancers progress
to squamous cell carcinoma, they should be treated.
When skin is exposed to the sun constantly, thick, scaly, or crusty bumps
appear. The scaly or crusty pa...
[Read More About Actinic Keratosis]
Allergy is a disorder of the immune system often also referred to as atopy.
Allergic reactions occur to environmental substances known as allergens; these
reactions are acquired, predictable and rapid. Strictly, allergy is one of four
forms of hypersensitivity and is called type I (or immediate) hypersensitivity.
It is characterized by excessive activation of certain white blood cells called
mast cells and basophils by a type of antibody known as IgE, resulting in an
extreme infla...
[Read More About Allergies]
Alzheimer's disease (AD), also called Alzheimer disease, Senile Dementia of
the Alzheimer Type (SDAT) or simply Alzheimer's, is the most common form of
dementia. This incurable, degenerative, and terminal disease was first described
by German psychiatrist Alois Alzheimer in 1906. Generally it is diagnosed in
people over 65 years of age, although the less-prevalent early-onset Alzheimer's
can occur much earlier. An estimated 26.6 million people worldwide had
Alzheimer's in 2006; th...
[Read More About Alzheimer]
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