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Medical Topics Information
Migraine is a neurological syndrome characterized by altered bodily
perceptions, headaches, and nausea. Physiologically, the migraine headache is a
neurological condition more common to women than to men. Etymologically, the
French word migraine derives from the Greek hemicrania (half skull) and the Old
English megrim (severe headache).
The typical migraine headache is unilateral and pulsating, lasting from 4 to
72 hours; symptoms include nausea, vomiting, photophobia (incre...
[Read More About Migraine]
Plastic surgery is a medical specialty concerned with the correction or
restoration of form and function. While famous for aesthetic surgery, plastic
surgery also includes a variety of fields such as craniofacial surgery, hand
surgery, burn surgery, microsurgery, and reconstructive surgery. The word "plastic"
derives from the Greek plastikos meaning to mold or to shape; its use here is
not connected with the synthetic polymer material known as plastic. [Read More About Plastic Surgery]
A pregnancy test attempts to determine whether or not a woman is pregnant.
Records of attempts at pregnancy testing have been found as far back as the
ancient Greek and ancient Egyptian cultures. Modern pregnancy tests look for
chemical markers associated with pregnancy. These markers are found in urine and
blood, and pregnancy tests require sampling one of these substances. The first
of these markers to be discovered, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), was
discovered in 1930 to ...
[Read More About Pregnancy Test]
Prostate cancer is a disease in which cancer develops in the prostate a gland
in the male reproductive system. It occurs when cells of the prostate mutate and
begin to multiply out of control. These cells may spread (metastasize) from the
prostate to other parts of the body, especially the bones and lymph nodes.
Prostate cancer may cause pain, difficulty in urinating, problems during sexual
intercourse, erectile dysfunction and other symptoms. However those symptoms are
present on...
[Read More About Prostate Cancer]
Psoriasis (pronounced /səˈraɪəsɪs/) is a chronic, non-contagious autoimmune
disease which affects the skin and joints. It commonly causes red scaly patches
to appear on the skin. The scaly patches caused by psoriasis, called psoriatic
plaques, are areas of inflammation and excessive skin production. Skin rapidly
accumulates at these sites and takes on a silvery-white appearance. Plaques
frequently occur on the skin of the elbows and knees, but can affect any...
[Read More About Psoriasis]
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disorder that
may affect many tissues and organs, but principally attacks the joints producing
a inflammatory synovitis that often progresses to destruction of the articular
cartilage and ankylosis of the joints. Rheumatoid arthritis can also produce
diffuse inflammation in the lungs, pericardium, pleura, and sclera, and also
nodular lesions, most common in subcutaneous tissue under the skin. Although the
cause of rheum...
[Read More About Rheumatoid Arthritis]
Schizophrenia (pronounced /ˌskɪtsəˈfrɛniə/ or /ˌskɪtsəˈfriːniə/), from the
Greek roots schizein (σχίζειν, "to split") and phrēn, phren- (φρήν, φρεν-, "mind")
is a psychiatric diagnosis that describes a mental disorder characterized by
abnormalities in the perception or expression of reality. It most commonly
manifests as audito...
[Read More About Schizophrenia]
A breast implant is a prosthesis used to enlarge the size of a woman's
breasts (known as breast augmentation, breast enlargement, mammoplasty
enlargement, augmentation mammoplasty or the common slang term boob job) for
cosmetic reasons; to reconstruct the breast (e.g. after a mastectomy; or to
correct genetic deformities), or as an aspect of male-to-female sex reassignment
surgery. Pectoral implants are a related device used in cosmetic and
reconstructive procedures of the male ch...
[Read More About Silicone Implants]
Skin cancer is a malignant growth on the skin which can have many causes. The
most common skin cancers are basal cell cancer, squamous cell cancer, and
melanoma. Skin cancer generally develops in the epidermis (the outermost layer
of skin), so a tumor is usually clearly visible. This makes most skin cancers
detectable in the early stages. There are three common types of skin cancer,
each of which is named after the type of skin cell from which it arises. Unlike
many other cancers,...
[Read More About Skin Cancer]
Sleep apnea (or sleep apnoea in British English) is a sleep disorder
characterized by pauses in breathing during sleep. Each episode, called an apnea
(Greek: ἄπνοια (ápnoia), from α- (a-), privative, πνέειν (pnéein), to breathe),
lasts long enough so that one or more breaths are missed, and such episodes
occur repeatedly throughout sleep. The standard definition of any apneic event
includes a minimum 10 second interva...
[Read More About Sleep Apnea]
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